Zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve ISO/IEC 15118

Iyo yepamutemo nomenclature ye ISO 15118 ndeye "Mugwagwa Mota - Mota kune grid yekutaurirana interface." Inogona kunge iri imwe yeakakosha uye yeramangwana-humbowo mwero iripo nhasi.

Iyo yakangwara yekuchaja meshini yakavakirwa muISO 15118 inoita kuti ikwanise kunyatso kuenzanisa huwandu hwegridhi nezvinodiwa zvesimba rehuwandu huri kukura hweEVs dzinobatana negetsi grid. ISO 15118 zvakare inogonesa bidirectional simba rekufambisa kuitira kuti uzivemotokari-ku-gridmaapplication nekudyisa simba kubva kuEV kudzokera kune grid kana zvichidiwa. ISO 15118 inobvumira mamwe grid-ane hushamwari, akachengeteka, uye ari nyore kuchaja maEV.

Nhoroondo ye ISO 15118

Muna 2010, International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) neInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) vakabatana mukugadzira ISO/IEC 15118 Joint Working Boka. Kekutanga, nyanzvi kubva kuindasitiri yemotokari uye indasitiri yezvishandiso vakashanda pamwechete kugadzira chiyero chekudyidzana chepasi rose chekuchaja maEV. The Joint Working Boka rakabudirira mukugadzira mhinduro yakagamuchirwa yakawanda iyo ikozvino inotungamira chiyero mumatunhu makuru pasi rose seEurope, US, Central/South America, uye South Korea. ISO 15118 iri zvakare kukurumidza kutora kutorwa muIndia neAustralia. Chinyorwa pafomati: ISO yakatora kudhindwa kweiyo standard uye yave kunzi ISO 15118 chete.

Motokari-ku-grid - kubatanidza maEVs mugedhi

ISO 15118 inogonesa kubatanidzwa kweEVs munesmart grid(aka mota-2-grid kanamotokari-ku-grid) Giridhi yakangwara igetsi remagetsi rinobatanidza vagadziri vemagetsi, vatengi, uye zvikamu zvegidhi sematransformer kuburikidza neruzivo uye tekinoroji yekutaurirana, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.

ISO 15118 inobvumira iyo EV uye chiteshi chekuchaja kuchinjanisa zvine simba ruzivo zvichibva pane iyo chaiyo yekuchaja hurongwa inogona (re-) kutaurirana. Zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti mota dzemagetsi dzinoshanda zvine hushamwari hwegridhi. Muchiitiko ichi, "grid friendly" zvinoreva kuti mudziyo unotsigira kuchaja kwemotokari dzakawanda panguva imwe chete uchidzivirira grid kubva pakuremerwa. Smart kuchaja maapplication anoverengera ega yekuchaja hurongwa hweEV yega yega nekushandisa ruzivo rwuripo nezve mamiriro egiredhi yemagetsi, kudiwa kwesimba kweEV yega yega, uye zvinodiwa zvekufamba zvemutyairi wega wega (nguva yekubva uye yekutyaira).

Nenzira iyi, chikamu chega chega chekuchaja chinonyatsoenderana nehukuru hwegridi kune kudiwa kwemagetsi kwekuchaja maEV panguva imwe chete. Kuchaja munguva dzekuwanikwa kwakanyanya kwesimba rinodzokororwa uye/kana munguva dzekuti kushandiswa kwemagetsi kwakadzikira ndeimwe yemakesi makuru ekushandisa anogona kuzadzikiswa neISO 15118.

Chengetedza kutaurirana kunofambiswa nePlug & Charge

Iyo giredhi yemagetsi inzvimbo yakakosha inoda kudzivirirwa pakurwiswa kungangoita uye mutyairi anofanirwa kubhadhariswa zvakakodzera kune simba rakaunzwa kuEV. Pasina kutaurirana kwakachengeteka pakati peEVs nezviteshi zvekuchaja, mapato ane hutsinye anogona kubata nekugadzirisa mameseji uye kukanganisa ruzivo rwekubhadharisa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero ISO 15118 ichiuya nechinhu chinonziPlug & Charge. Plug & Charge inoshandisa akati wandei cryptographic masisitimu kuchengetedza kutaurirana uku uye kuvimbisa kuvanzika, kutendeseka, uye chokwadi che data rese rakatsinhaniswa.

Mushandisi-kureruka sekiyi kune isina musono yekuchaja chiitiko

ISO 15118'sPlug & Chargeficha zvakare inogonesa iyo EV kuti izviratidze yega kune yekuchaja chiteshi uye kuwana mvumo yekuwana simba rainoda kubhadharisa bhatiri rayo. Izvi zvese zvinoenderana nezvitupa zvedhijitari uye neruzhinji-kiyi zvivakwa zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nePlug & Charge chimiro. Chikamu chakanakisisa? Mutyairi haadi kuita chero chinhu kunze kwekubaya tambo yekuchaja mumotokari uye pachiteshi chekuchaja (panguva yekuchaja waya) kana kupaka pamusoro pepasi pedhi (panguva yekuchaja isina waya). Chiito chekuisa kadhi rechikwereti, kuvhura app kuti utarise QR kodhi, kana kuwana kuti iri nyore kurasikirwa neRFID kadhi chinhu chekare nehunyanzvi uhu.

ISO 15118 ichakanganisa zvakanyanya ramangwana rekuchaja mota yemagetsi yepasi rose nekuda kweizvi zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha:

1. Kureruka kune mutengi anouya nePlug & Charge
2. Iyo yakagadziridzwa chengetedzo yedata inouya neiyo cryptographic nzira dzinotsanangurwa muISO 15118
3. Grid-inoshamwaridzika smart kuchaja

Tine izvo zvakakosha zvinhu mupfungwa, ngatipindei munzungu nemabhaudhi echiyero.

Iyo ISO 15118 gwaro mhuri

Iyo chiyero pachayo, inodaidzwa kuti "Mota dzeMugwagwa - Mota kune grid yekutaurirana interface", ine zvikamu zvisere. A hyphen kana dash nenhamba zvinoreva chikamu chakasiyana. ISO 15118-1 inoreva chikamu chekutanga zvichingodaro.

Mumufananidzo uri pazasi, unogona kuona kuti chikamu chega chega cheISO 15118 chine hukama sei neimwe kana anopfuura ematanho manomwe ekutaurirana anotsanangura mafambisirwo anoitwa ruzivo munharembozha. Kana iyo EV yavharirwa muchiteshi chekuchaja, mutongi wekutaurirana weEV (inonzi EVCC) uye chiteshi chekuchaja chekutaura controller (SECC) vanogadzira network yekutaurirana. Chinangwa chetiweki iyi ndechekuchinjana mameseji uye kutanga chirongwa chekuchaja. Ose ari maviri EVCC neSECC anofanirwa kupa iwo manomwe matinji anoshanda (sezvinotsanangurwa mune yakanyatso kusimbiswa.ISO/OSI kutaurirana stack) kuitira kugadzirisa ruzivo rwavanotumira uye kugamuchira. Imwe neimwe layer inovaka pamusoro pekushanda kunopihwa neiyo yepasi, kutanga neiyo application layer kumusoro uye kudzika kusvika kune yemuviri layer.

Semuyenzaniso: Iyo yemuviri uye data yekubatanidza layer inotsanangura kuti EV nechiteshi chekuchaja chingachinjana sei mameseji uchishandisa tambo yekuchaja (yemagetsi tambo yekutaura kuburikidza neHome Plug Green PHY modem sezvakatsanangurwa muISO 15118-3) kana Wi-Fi yekubatanidza ( IEEE 802.11n sekutaurwa kwazvinoitwa neISO 15118-8) sechimiro chemuviri. Kana iyo data link yanyatsogadzikwa, network uye yekutakura layer iri pamusoro inogona kuvimba nayo kuti igadzire iyo inonzi TCP/IP yekubatanidza kuti ifambise nemameseji kubva kuEVCC kuenda kuSECC (uye kumashure). Iyo application layer iri pamusoro inoshandisa iyo yakamisikidzwa nzira yekukurukurirana kuchinjanisa chero yekushandisa kesi ine chekuita meseji, ingave yekuchaja AC, DC kuchaja, kana isina waya yekuchaja.

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Paunenge uchikurukura ISO 15118 pamwe chete, izvi zvinosanganisira seti yezviyero mukati meiyi zita rinopfuura. Mipimo pachayo yakatsemurwa kuita zvidimbu. Chikamu chega chega chinopinda seti yematanho akafanotsanangurwa isati yaburitswa seyepasi rose (IS). Ichi ndicho chikonzero iwe uchigona kuwana ruzivo nezve "status" yechikamu chimwe nechimwe muzvikamu zviri pasi apa. Mamiriro acho anoratidza zuva rekuburitswa kweIS, inova nhanho yekupedzisira pane yenguva yeISO standardization mapurojekiti.

Ngatinyure mune chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvegwaro rega rega.

Maitiro uye nguva yekuburitswa kweiyo ISO zviyero

Nhamba iri pamusoro inotaridza nguva yemaitiro ekumira mukati meISO. Maitiro acho anotangwa neNew Work Item Proposal (NWIP kana NP) iyo inopinda muchikamu cheCommittee Draft (CD) mushure menguva yemwedzi gumi nemiviri. Kana CD yangowanikwa (kuna nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi chete idzo dziri nhengo dzedare restandardization), chikamu chekuvhota chemwedzi mitatu chinotanga panguva iyo nyanzvi idzi dzinogona kupa mhinduro nehunyanzvi. Kana chikamu chekutaura changopera, mhinduro dzakaunganidzwa dzinogadziriswa mumusangano wewebhu wepamhepo uye misangano yakatarisana.

Nekuda kwebasa rekubatana iri, Draft for International Standard (DIS) inobva yanyorwa nekuburitswa. The Joint Working Group inogona kusarudza kunyora rechipiri CD kana nyanzvi dzichinzwa kuti gwaro harisati ragadzirira kuti rionekwe seDIS. A DIS ndiro gwaro rekutanga kuitwa pachena uye rinogona kutengwa online. Imwe nhanho yekutaura uye yekuvhota ichaitwa mushure mekunge DIS yaburitswa, yakafanana nemaitiro eiyo CD danho.

Nhanho yekupedzisira pamberi peInternational Standard (IS) ndiyo yekupedzisira Draft yeInternational Standard (FDIS). Iri idanho rekusarudza rinogona kutsikwa kana boka renyanzvi dzinoshanda pachiyero ichi richinzwa kuti gwaro rasvika padanho rakakwana remhando. Iyo FDIS igwaro risingatenderi chero shanduko yekuwedzera tekinoroji. Naizvozvo, mhinduro dzemupepeti chete dzinobvumidzwa panguva ino yekupindura. Sezvauri kuona kubva pamufananidzo, ISO yakamisikidzwa maitiro anogona kubva pamakumi maviri nemana kusvika kumwedzi makumi mana nemasere.

Panyaya yeISO 15118-2, chiyero chakatora chimiro kwemakore mana uye chicharamba chichinatswa sezvinodiwa (ona ISO 15118-20). Maitiro aya anovimbisa kuti anoramba ari-ku-zvino uye anochinjika kune akawanda akasiyana ekushandisa makesi kutenderera pasirese.