Nekukurumidza kutorwa kwepasirese kwemotokari dzemagetsi (EVs), kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zvekuchaja kwave kutarisisa zvakanyanya muindasitiri iyi. Parizvino,SAE J1772uyeCCS (Combined Charging System)ndiwo maviri anonyanya kushandiswa ekuchaja zviyero muNorth America neEurope. Ichi chinyorwa chinopa kuenzanisa kwakadzama kwezviyero izvi, kuongorora marudzi avo ekuchaja, kuwirirana, mashandisiro ekushandisa, uye mafambiro emangwana kubatsira vashandisi kusarudza mhinduro yekuchaja yakakodzera kune zvavanoda.
1. Chii chinonzi CCS Kuchaja?
CCS (Combined Charging System)inoenderana-siyana EV yekuchaja chiyero chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muNorth America neEurope. Inotsigira zvoseAC (Alternating Current)uyeDC (Yakananga Iyezvino)kuchaja kuburikidza nechibatanidza chimwe chete, ichipa shanduko huru kune vashandisi. Iyo CCS yekubatanidza inosanganisa yakajairwa AC yekuchaja mapini (akadai seJ1772 kuNorth America kana Type 2 muEurope) aine maviri ekuwedzera mapini eDC, achigonesa ese anononoka AC kuchaja uye yakakwirira-inomhanya DC ichikurumidza kuchaja kuburikidza nechiteshi chimwe chete.
Zvakanakira zveCCS:
• Multi-functional Charging:Inotsigira zvese AC uye DC kuchaja, inokodzera imba uye yeruzhinji kuchaja.
• Kuchaja Nekukurumidza:DC yekuchaja nekukurumidza inogona kubhadharisa bhatiri kusvika pa80% mukati memaminitsi makumi matatu, zvichideredza zvakanyanya nguva yekuchaja.
• Wide Adoption:Yakagamuchirwa nevakuru veautomaker uye yakabatanidzwa muhuwandu huri kuwedzera hweveruzhinji hwekuchaja zviteshi.
Sekureva kweEuropean Automobile Manufacturers 'Association (ACEA), kubva muna 2024, anopfuura makumi manomwe muzana ezviteshi zvekuchaja veruzhinji muEurope zvinotsigira CCS, nekuvharirwa kunopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe muzana munyika dzakaita seGermany, France, neNetherlands. Pamusoro pezvo, data kubva kuUS Dhipatimendi reMagetsi (DOE) rinoratidza kuti CCS inodarika makumi matanhatu muzana ematanho ekuchaja veruzhinji muNorth America, zvichiita kuti ive chiyero chinodiwa chekufamba kwemigwagwa mikuru uye kureba.
2. Ndedzipi Mota Dzinotsigira CCS Kuchaja?
CCSchave chiyero chekuchaja nekukurumidza muNorth America neEurope, ichitsigirwa nemotokari dzakadai se:
•Volkswagen ID.4
• BMW i4 uye iX series
• Ford Mustang Mach-E
• Hyundai Ioniq 5
• Kia EV6
Idzi mota dzinoenderana neakawanda-akakwira-kumhanya kuchaja network, ichipa ruzivo rwakanaka pakufamba daro refu.
Zvinoenderana neEuropean Association for Electromobility (AVERE), anopfuura makumi masere muzana eEVs akatengeswa muEurope muna 2024 anotsigira CCS. Semuenzaniso, Volkswagen ID.4, EV inotengeswa zvakanyanya muEurope, inorumbidzwa zvikuru nekuda kwekuenderana kwayo neCCS. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvakiridzo yakaitwa neAmerican Automobile Association (AAA) inoratidza kuti varidzi veFord Mustang Mach-E neHyundai Ioniq 5 vanokoshesa zvikuru kurerukirwa kwekuchaja kweCCS.
3. Chii chinonzi J1772 Kuchaja?
SAE J1772ndiwo mweroAC (Alternating Current)yekuchaja yekubatanidza muNorth America, inonyanya kushandiswaLevel 1 (120V)uyeLevel 2 (240V)kuchaja. Yakagadzirwa neSosaiti yeAutomotive Engineers (SAE),inoenderana neanenge ese maEV uye plug-in hybrid mota dzemagetsi (PHEVs) dzinotengeswa kuNorth America.
Zvimiro zveJ1772:
• AC Kuchaja Chete:Inokodzera kunonoka kuchaja kumba kana kumabasa.
• Wide Compatibility:Inotsigirwa neanenge ese maEV uye maPHEV muNorth America.
• Kushandiswa Kwepamba Neruzhinji:Inowanzo shandiswa mudzimba dzekuchaja setups uye yeruzhinji AC yekuchaja zviteshi.
Maererano neUS Department ofSimba (DOE), pamusoro pe90% yezviteshi zvekuchajisa kumba muNorth America inoshandisa J1772 kubva muna 2024. Varidzi veTesla vanogona kutengesa motokari dzavo pazviteshi zvakawanda zvehurumende AC vachishandisa adapta yeJ1772. Pamusoro pezvo, mushumo weMagetsi Mobility Canada unoratidza kuvimba kwakapararira paJ1772 neNissan Leaf uye varidzi veChevrolet Bolt EV yekuchaja zuva nezuva.
4. Ndedzipi Mota Dzinotsigira J1772 Kuchaja?
ZvizhinjiEVsuyePHEVsmuNorth America vaneJ1772 zvibatanidza, kusanganisira:
• Mienzaniso yeTesla (ine adapta)
• Nissan Leaf
• Chevrolet Bolt EV
• Toyota Prius Prime (PHEV)
Iyo yakafara kuenderana kweJ1772 inoita kuti ive imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa yekuchaja zviyero muNorth America.
Zvinoenderana neUS Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), anopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe neshanu muzana emaEV akatengeswa kuNorth America muna 2024 anotsigira J1772. Kushandisa kwaTesla kweJ1772 adapter kunobvumira mota dzayo kuchaja pazviteshi zveveruzhinji zveAC. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvagiridzo yeMagetsi Mobility Canada inoratidza kuti varidzi veNissan Leaf neChevrolet Bolt EV vanokoshesa kugarisana uye nyore kushandisa kweJ1772.
5. Misiyano Yakakosha Pakati peCCS neJ1772
Pakusarudza chiyero chekuchaja, vashandisi vanofanirwa kufungakuchaja kumhanya, kugarisana, uye kushandisa makesi. Heino misiyano mikuru:
a. Charging Type
CCS: Inotsigira ese AC (Level 1 uye 2) uye DC yekuchaja nekukurumidza (Level 3), ichipa ino siyana yekuchaja mhinduro mune imwe yekubatanidza.
J1772: Inonyanya kutsigira AC kuchaja chete, yakakodzera Level 1 (120V) uye Level 2 (240V) kuchaja.
b. Kuchaja Speed
CCS: Inopa kukurumidza kuchaja kumhanya neDC inokurumidza-kuchaja kugona, kazhinji inosvika ku80% kuchaja mu20-40 maminetsi emotokari dzinoenderana.
J1772: Yakaganhurirwa ku AC yekuchaja kumhanya; ye Level 2 charger inokwanisa kuchaja maEV mazhinji mukati memaawa mana kusvika masere.
c. Connector Design
CCS: Inobatanidza mapini eJ1772 AC nemamwe mapini maviri eDC, ichiita kuti ive yakakura zvishoma pane yakajairwa J1772 yekubatanidza asi ichibvumira kuchinjika kukuru.
J1772: Iyo yakawanda compact yekubatanidza inotsigira AC kuchaja chete.
d. Kugarisana
CCS: Inoenderana neEVs dzakagadzirirwa zvese AC uye DC kuchaja, kunyanya inobatsira kune nzendo refu dzinoda kukurumidza kuchaja kumira.
J1772: Yese inopindirana neese maNorth America EVs uye maPHEVs ekuchaja kweAC, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mudzimba dzekuchaja zviteshi uye neruzhinji maAC charger.
e. Application
CCS: Yakanakira zvese zvekuchaja imba uye yekumhanyisa-kuchaja paunenge uchienda, inokodzera maEV ayo anoda kukurumidza kuchaja sarudzo.
J1772: Yakanyanya kukodzera kuchaja yepamba kana yebasa, yakanakira kuchaja kwehusiku kana zviseta uko kumhanya kusiri chinhu chakakosha.
SAE J1772 Pinouts
CCS Connector Pinouts
6. Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
1.Can CCS charger ingashandiswa kuJ1772-chete mota?
Kwete, J1772-chete mota hadzigone kushandisa CCS yeDC yekuchaja nekukurumidza, asi dzinogona kushandisa AC yekuchaja zviteshi paCCS charger.
2.Majaja eCCS anowanikwa zvakanyanya pazviteshi zvekuchaja zveveruzhinji?
Ehe, maCCS majaja ari kuwedzera kuwanda mumatanho makuru ekuchaja veruzhinji kuNorth America neEurope.
3.Ko Tesla motokari dzinotsigira CCS kana J1772?
Mota dzeTesla dzinogona kushandisa majaja eJ1772 ane adapta, uye mamwe mamodheru anotsigirawo CCS kuchaja nekukurumidza.
4.Ndeipi inokurumidza: CCS kana J1772?
CCS inotsigira DC inokurumidza kuchaja, iyo inokurumidza kukurumidza kupfuura J1772's AC kuchaja.
5.Is kukwanisa kweCCS kwakakosha pakutenga EV itsva?
Kana uchiwanzotora nzendo refu, CCS inobatsira zvikuru. Kwekufamba kwenguva pfupi uye kubhadharisa kumba, J1772 inogona kukwana.
6.Ndeipi simba rekuchaja rejaja yeJ1772?
J1772 majaja anowanzo tsigira Level 1 (120V, 1.4-1.9 kW) uye Level 2 (240V, 3.3-19.2 kW) kuchaja.
7.Ndeipi simba rekuchaja reCCS charger?
Machaja eCCS anowanzo tsigira mazinga emagetsi kubva pa50 kW kusvika pa350 kW, zvichienderana nechiteshi chekuchaja nemotokari.
8.Ndeipi mari yekuisa yeJ1772 uye CCS majaja?
J1772 majaja anowanzo kudhura kuisa, kudhura kutenderedza 300−700, nepo CCS majaja, anotsigira kuchaja nekukurumidza, anodhura pakati pe1000and5000.
9.Ko CCS uye J1772 kuchaja zvibatanidza zvinowirirana here?
Iyo AC yekuchaja chikamu cheCCS yekubatanidza inoenderana neJ1772, asi iyo DC yekuchaja chikamu inoshanda chete neCCS-inoenderana mota.
10.Ko EV yekuchaja zviyero zvichabatanidzwa mune ramangwana?
Parizvino, zviyero zvakaita seCCS neCHAdeMO zvinogara pamwe chete, asi CCS iri kukurumidza kuwana mukurumbira muEurope neNorth America, ingangoita chiyero chikuru.
7.Future Trends uye User Recommendations
Sezvo musika weEV uchiramba uchikura, kutorwa kweCCS kuri kukurumidza kuwedzera, kunyanya pakufamba daro refu uye kubhadharisa veruzhinji. Nekudaro, J1772 inoramba iri iyo yakasarudzika chiyero chekuchaja imba nekuda kwekuenderana kwayo kwakakura uye mutengo wakaderera. Kune vashandisi vanogara nzendo refu, kusarudza mota ine CCS inokurudzirwa. Kune avo vanonyanya kutyaira munzvimbo dzemaguta, J1772 inokwana kune zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva.
Sekureva kweInternational Energy Agency (IEA), muridzi wepasi rose EV anotarisirwa kusvika 245 miriyoni panosvika 2030, neCCS neJ1772 ichienderera seyakanyanya miyero. Semuenzaniso, Europe inoronga kuwedzera CCS yayo yekuchaja network kusvika miriyoni zviteshi panosvika 2025 kusangana nekukura kweEV kudiwa. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvagiridzo yeUS Department of Energy (DOE) inoratidza kuti J1772 ichachengetedza inopfuura 80% yemusika wekuchaja imba, kunyanya munzvimbo itsva dzekugara uye dzenharaunda dzekuchaja.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-31-2024