EV vakaita nhanho huru mumakore achangopfuura.Kubva 2017 kusvika 2022. chiyero chekufamba-famba chakawedzera kubva makiromita 212 kusvika makiromita 500, uye rwendo rwekufamba ruchiri kuwedzera, uye mamwe maitiro anogona kutosvika makiromita 1 000.Nzvimbo yekufambisa yakazara yakazara inoreva kurega simba richidonha kubva pa100% kusvika pa0%, asi zvinotendwa kuti kushandisa bhatiri remagetsi pamuganho hakuna kunaka.
Imarii yakanakisa kubhadharisa EV?Kuchajisa kunokanganisa bhatiri here?Kune rumwe rutivi, kubvisa zvachose bhatiri kwakaipa kune bhatiri here?Ndeipi nzira yakanakisa yekuchaja bhatiri remotokari yemagetsi?
1. Hazvikurudzirwi kuzadza zvakakwana bhatiri remagetsi
Mabhatiri emotokari yemagetsi anowanzo shandisa lithium-ion masero.Kungofanana nemimwe midziyo inoshandisa mabhatiri e-lithium, akadai senharembozha uye malaptop, kuchaja ku100% kunogona kusiya bhatiri mune isina kugadzikana mamiriro, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya SOC (State of Charge) kana kukonzeresa kutadza kukuru.Kana bhatiri remagetsi riri pabhodhi razara uye raburitswa, lithium ions haigone kuisirwa uye kuungana muchiteshi chekuchaja kuti iite dendrites.Ichi chinhu chinogona kubaya nyore nyore simba remagetsi diaphragm uye kugadzira dunhu pfupi, izvo zvinozoita kuti mota ibatike yega.Sezvineiwo, kutadza kunotyisa hakuwanzo, asi kunokonzeresa kuparara kwebhatiri.Kana lithium ions ikasangana nedivi rekuita mu electrolyte ichikonzera kurasikirwa kwelithium, ivo vanobuda mukuchaja-kuburitsa kutenderera.Izvi zvinowanzokonzerwa nekupisa kwepamusoro kunogadzirwa nesimba rakachengetwa kana rachajwa kusvika pakukwana.Naizvozvo, kuwandisa kuchakonzera shanduko isingadzoreki muchimiro cheiyo yakanaka electrode inoshanda zvinhu zvebhatiri uye kuparara kweelectrolyte, kupfupisa hupenyu hwebasa rebhatiri.Kuchaja nguva nenguva kwemotokari yemagetsi kusvika ku100% hakugone kukonzera matambudziko anoonekwa nekukurumidza, sezvo mamiriro akasarudzika haakwanise kudzivirira zvizere kuchaja mota.Zvisinei, kana bhatiri remotokari rakazara zvakakwana kwenguva yakareba uye kazhinji, matambudziko achamuka.
2. Kana iyo yakaratidzwa 100% yakanyatsochajiswa
Vamwe vagadziri vemotokari vakagadzira zvidziviriri zvebhafa zveEV kuchaja kuchengetedza ine hutano SOC kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira.Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana dashibhodhi remotokari richiratidza 100 muzana yekuchaja, haisi kusvika painogumira inogona kukanganisa hutano hwebhatiri.Uku kuseta, kana kukwirisa, kunoderedza kuderera kwebhatiri, uye vazhinji vanogadzira auto vanogona kukwevera vakananga kune iyi dhizaini kuchengetedza mota iri muchimiro chepamusoro.
3. Dzivisa kubuda zvakanyanya
Kazhinji kutaura, kuramba uchiburitsa bhatiri rinopfuura 50% yehuwandu hwaro kunoderedza huwandu hunotarisirwa hwema bhatiri.Semuenzaniso, kuchaja bhatiri ku100% uye kuiburitsa pasi pe50% kuchapfupisa hupenyu hwayo, uye kuichaja ku80% nekuiburitsa pasi pe30% kuchapfupisawo hupenyu hwayo.Zvakawanda sei kudzika kwekuburitsa DOD (Kudzika kweDicharge) kunokanganisa hupenyu hwebhatiri?Bhatiri rakatenderedzwa kusvika pa50% DOD rinenge riine simba rakapetwa ka4 pane bhatiri rinotenderedzwa kusvika 100% DOD.Sezvo mabhatiri eEV anenge asina kumbonyatso kuburitswa - tichifunga nezvekuchengetedza buffer, muchokwadi mhedzisiro yekubuda kwakadzika inogona kunge iri shoma, asi ichiri yakakosha.
4. Nzira yekuchaja mota dzemagetsi uye kurebesa hupenyu hwebhatiri
1) Chenjerera kunguva yekuchaja, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa kunonoka kuchaja Nzira dzekuchaja dzemotokari dzemagetsi matsva dzakakamurwa mukukurumidza kuchaja uye kunonoka kuchaja.Kuchaja zvishoma nezvishoma kunowanzotora maawa masere kusvika gumi, ukuwo kukurumidza kuchaja kunotora hafu yeawa kuchaja 80% yemagetsi, uye inogona kuchajwa zvizere mumaawa maviri.Nekudaro, kuchaja nekukurumidza kuchashandisa yakakura ikozvino uye simba, iyo ichava nemhedzisiro yakakura pabhatiri pack.Kana ichichaja nekukurumidza, inokonzeresa bhatiri chairo simba, izvo zvinoderedza hupenyu hwebhatiri remagetsi nekufamba kwenguva, saka ichiri sarudzo yekutanga kana nguva ichibvumidza.Kunonoka kuchaja nzira.Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti nguva yekuchaja haifanirwe kunge yakarebesa, zvikasadaro zvinokonzeresa overcharging uye kuita kuti bhatiri remotokari ripise.
2) Teerera kune simba paunenge uchityaira uye udzivise kubuda kwakadzika Mota dzesimba nyowani dzinowanzokuyeuchidza kubhadharisa nekukurumidza kana simba rasara riri 20% kusvika 30%.Kana iwe ukaramba uchityaira panguva ino, bhatiri ichave yakadzikiswa zvakanyanya, izvo zvakare zvichapfupisa hupenyu hwebhatiri.Nokudaro, kana simba rakasara rebhatiri rakaderera, rinofanira kubhadharwa nenguva.
3) Paunenge uchichengetedza kwenguva yakareba, usarega bhatiri richirasikirwa nesimba Kana motokari ichizomira kwenguva yakareba, iva nechokwadi chokuti usarega bhatiri richirasikirwa nesimba.Bhatiri rinowanzoita sulfation mumamiriro ekurasikirwa kwesimba, uye iyo lead sulfate makristasi anonamatira kuplate, iyo inovhara iyo ion chiteshi, kukonzera kusakwana kuchaja, uye kuderedza simba rebhatiri.Naizvozvo, mota itsva dzemagetsi dzinofanirwa kubhadhariswa zvizere kana dzakamiswa kwenguva yakareba.Zvinokurudzirwa kuvabhadharisa nguva dzose kuchengetedza bhatiri mune hutano.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-12-2023